We know that one of the most common questions our clients have is about how to build test suites correctly. Their top priorities are performance, ease of management, and scalability. Because of this, we decided to share this article to share how to write test cases for automated tests.We also suggest you read our guide:&nbsp;<a href="https://ronwelldigital.com/insight/blog/test-automation-strategy">Test Automation Strategy: Importance, Benefits &amp; Example</a>.A system's functioning can only be tested if it follows a specific set of steps, which are defined in test cases. There are test stages, preconditions, expected outcomes, and actual results that make up a typical test case. In most situations, QA departments will build test cases based on preexisting test scenarios. These test cases outline the broad strokes of the user flows and end-to-end functionality that QA should check to ensure the system meets customer needs.&nbsp;The purpose of this tutorial is to teach you how to write test cases for use in automated testing. Let's get started.<img class="image_resized" style="width:75%;" src="https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/how_to_create_test_cases_for_automated_blog_011e21da7a.jpg" alt="how-to-create-test-cases-for-automated-blog.jpg" srcset="https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/thumbnail_how_to_create_test_cases_for_automated_blog_011e21da7a.jpg 245w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/small_how_to_create_test_cases_for_automated_blog_011e21da7a.jpg 500w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/medium_how_to_create_test_cases_for_automated_blog_011e21da7a.jpg 750w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/large_how_to_create_test_cases_for_automated_blog_011e21da7a.jpg 1000w," sizes="100vw"><h2 style="text-align:justify;">Which Tests Should Be Automated?</h2>You need a strategy that optimizes your automated tests if you want to see results from your test automation efforts. Because not all tests can be automated, picking the right test cases to automate early on is crucial.You need not begin from scratch to choose which test cases should be automated. When it comes to automated testing, there are established guidelines for everything from setup to the decision of which tests to run automatically. Here is a quick rundown of the many categories of tests that might benefit most from being automated. You should be on the lookout for the following:<ul><li>Continually repeating tests across different versions.</li><li>Evaluations whereby the possibility of human mistake is high</li><li>Analyses that use a plethora of data sets</li><li>Functionality that is often utilized yet creates potentially dangerous situations.</li><li>Manually infeasible testing</li><li>Examinations that are carried out on a wide variety of deployed hardware and software systems</li><li>Tasks that require a lot of time and effort when manually testing</li></ul>Here are the different kinds of tests that should be automated to make the testing process faster and more effective:<ul><li>Unit Tests</li><li>Functional Tests</li><li>Regression Tests</li><li>Smoke Tests</li><li>Data-driven Tests</li><li>Performance Tests</li></ul>To learn more about test types, read our blog post:&nbsp;<a href="https://ronwelldigital.com/insight/blog/what-is-automation-testing">What is Automation Testing?" Types, Examples, Process</a>.<h2 style="text-align:justify;">How to Write Test Cases for Automation?</h2>Unlike its manual version, creating an automated test case is a difficult and time-consuming endeavor that calls for a unique approach. Test cases that are automated should further deconstruct workflows than human test cases. Read our article to learn about the&nbsp;<a href="https://ronwelldigital.com/insight/blog/automation-testing-tools">Top 20 Automation Testing Tools</a>. The automation tools you choose will determine the specifics of your test case templates, but they should all have the following elements.

The Test Case has information about the right application state to run the test, such as starting the browser and logging in.

Specifications

This gives the program enough time to achieve the intended state before testing the real functionality.

Synchronize & Wait Statements

Data entry requirements, specific processes to reach the next needed state, and resetting the program to its initial state are all part of writing test steps.

The Test Steps

Comments

Debugging statements to use any available debugging features that can be used to fix code and keep tests from failing.

Debugging statements

Output statements that tell where and how the test results should be written down.

Output statements

<h2 style="text-align:justify;">Creating a Test Case for Automated Test</h2>Test Scenario: Successfully logging into ronwelldigital.com.&nbsp;Test Steps:&nbsp;<ul><li>Chrome browser opens</li><li>Navigate to ronwelldigital.com,</li><li>gets its URL</li><li>prints its URL</li><li>takes the title and</li><li>Prints the title</li><li>Closes the page</li></ul>Browser: Chrome v 108Test Data: URL of the Ronwell Digital&nbsp;Expected Result: When Chrome browser opens, it goes to ronwelldigital.com page, gets its URL, prints its URL, gets its header, prints its header and closes the page.Actual Result: As Expected&nbsp;Test Status: Pass/Fail: Pass&nbsp;<h2 style="text-align:justify;">Converting a Test Case to Test Script for Automated Tests&nbsp;</h2>Selenium is used mostly for automating browser testing. Using Selenium WebDriver, you can simply automate browser testing across browsers including Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Safari, and Internet Explorer. We thus incorporate selenium dependency into our project. When adding dependencies we are selecting the most using one by people of new versions vulnerability are more than old version.&lt;!--<a href="https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java">https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.seleniumhq.selenium/selenium-java</a>→--&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;dependency&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;groupId&gt;org.seleniumhq.selenium&lt;/groupId&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;artifactId&gt;selenium-java&lt;/artifactId&gt; &nbsp; &nbsp;&lt;version&gt;3.141.59&lt;/version&gt; &lt;/dependency&gt;Using TestNG annotations, start a Chrome browser instance and load the ronwelldigital.com page to write the test script for the preceding test case example. The @Test annotation contains the actual test case.TestNG annotations require the following configuration in your pom.xml dependencies: either import the necessary external libraries or add the appropriate maven dependency.&lt;!--<a href="https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng%20--%3E">&nbsp;https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.testng/testng --&gt;</a>&lt;dependency&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;groupId&gt;org.testng&lt;/groupId&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;artifactId&gt;testng&lt;/artifactId&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;version&gt;6.14.3&lt;/version&gt;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&lt;scope&gt;test&lt;/scope&gt;&lt;/dependency&gt;You need to create the test file under src/main/java/directory/javaClass<img class="image_resized" style="width:50%;" src="https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/test_file_f2fabe4637.png" alt="test-file.png" srcset="https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/thumbnail_test_file_f2fabe4637.png 96w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/small_test_file_f2fabe4637.png 307w," sizes="100vw">package org.example;import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;import org.testng.annotations.Test;public class RonwellPageTest {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// set Page URL&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public String baseUrl = "<a href="https://ronwelldigital.com/%22">https://ronwelldigital.com/"</a>;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// set driver PathString driverPath = "C:\\Users\\sonmezmi\\IdeaProjects\\Test\\driver\\chromedriver.exe";&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// set WebDriver&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public WebDriver driver ;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;@Test&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public void test() {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// get the current URL of the page&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;String URL= driver.getCurrentUrl();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// write page in console&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.print(URL);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// get the title of the page&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;String title = driver.getTitle();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// write page title in console&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println(title);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;@BeforeTest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public void beforeTest() {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// set the system property for Chrome driver&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", driverPath);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// create driver object for Chrome browser&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;driver = new ChromeDriver();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// wait for opening Chrome browser&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// maximize Chrome browser&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;driver.manage().window().maximize();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// open page in Chrome browser&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;driver.get(baseUrl);&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println("Open Page Before Test");&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;@AfterTest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;public void afterTest() {&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;// quit page&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;driver.quit();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;System.out.println("Quit Page After Test");&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}}On executing the test case as TestNG test, it will launch the browser, navigate to ronwelldigital.com and give the following output on your IntelliJ IDEA Console as seen below:<img src="https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/test_result_b5cf8ce6e7.png" alt="test-result.png" srcset="https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/thumbnail_test_result_b5cf8ce6e7.png 245w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/small_test_result_b5cf8ce6e7.png 500w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/medium_test_result_b5cf8ce6e7.png 750w,https://ronwell-strapi-production.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/large_test_result_b5cf8ce6e7.png 1000w," sizes="100vw">This test case was prepared by Mikail Sönmez, Software Test Automation Engineer at Ronwell Digital.&nbsp;If you have a LinkedIn account, you can find <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/mikailsnmz/">Mikail</a> directly from this link.<h2 style="text-align:justify;">References</h2><a href="https://devops.com/10-rules-for-writing-automated-tests/">Devops - 10 Rules for Writing Automated Tests</a><a href="https://www.techtarget.com/searchsoftwarequality/tip/How-to-write-test-cases-one-component-at-a-time">Techtarget - How to Write Test Cases One Component at a Time&nbsp;</a><a href="https://www.browserstack.com/guide/test-cases-for-automated-tests">BrowserStack - Test Cases for Automated Tests&nbsp;</a> &nbsp;

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The purpose of this tutorial is to teach you how to write test cases for use in automated testing.

How to Create Test Cases for Automated Tests? With Example